Abstract: We are at the dawn of a new era of planetary astronomy. With our first big JWST exoplanet results coming out and a new generation of high-resolution spectrographs going into service, our initial results leave little doubt that the upcoming decade presents a unique opportunity to understand planets and their atmospheres and climates in the most general way. The opportunity is no less than assessing the full diversity of planets in the Universe and finally answering humanity’s millennia-old questions of “Are we alone?” and “How did we get here?”. In this colloquium, I will provide you with a first look into this new era by presenting an overview of our latest 2023 & 2024 results with JWST and ground-based high-resolution spectrographs. My discussion will include the first JWST transmission spectrum of a habitable-zone rocky world outside the Solar System, a discussion of the intriguing nature of the long-hypothesized “water-world” exoplanets, as well as the incredible detail JWST and high-resolution spectrographs can deliver to probe the formation, evolution, and atmospheric physics of transiting giant planets.