NGC 6402 / C1735-032 / Messier 14 (Updated November 2012) RA: 17:37:36.10 DEC: -03:14:45.3 (J2000) ============================================================ Bytes Format Explanation 1-8 A8 Star ID 10-32 A11,1x,A11 Position 34-35 A2 Units for position R0 denotes RA, DEC in the J2000 coordinates R5 denotes RA, DEC in the 1950 coordinates XA denotes X, Y in arcseconds XP denotes X, Y in pixels 37-44 F8.4 Period (days) 46-51 F6.3 Mean magnitude (or maximum magnitude if "max" is indicated in the remarks column) 53-57 F5.3 Light amplitude (range of variability) 59 A1 Colour for mean magnitude and amplitude e.g. B, V, R, I or P (for photographic). 61-65 A5 Type of variable (draft 2006 GCVS classifications) NV denotes not variable 67-80 A19 Notes and Remarks (f denotes field star) "--" or "----" indicates no data available ========================================================================= ID Position Period ampl C Type Notes/ RA/X Dec/Y Units Remarks ========================================================================= 1 17:37:37.22 -03:13:59.4 R0 18.729 15.35 1.9 B CW 2 17:37:28.39 -03:16:44.7 R0 2.7947 16.4 1.2 B CW 3 17:37:35.87 -03:16:14.8 R0 0.5223 17.35 0.9 B RR0 4 17:37:46.87 -03:13:32.9 R0 0.6514 18.05 1.4 B RR0 5 17:37:27.02 -03:13:16.5 R0 0.5488 18.05 1.6 B RR0 6 17:37:38.87 -03:16:03.0 R0 ---- 16.7 1.1 B SR 7 17:37:40.25 -03:16:22.0 R0 13.6038 16.0 1.2 B CW 8 17:37:42.47 -03:14:10.2 R0 0.6860 18.15 0.85 B RR0 9 17:37:46.21 -03:15:25.1 R0 0.5387 17.95 1.4 B RR0 10 17:37:32.77 -03:18:09.9 R0 0.5860 17.95 1.4 B RR0 11 17:37:49.14 -03:18:28.5 R0 0.6044 17.5 1.7 B RR0 12 17:37:51.11 -03:17:43.1 R0 0.5045 18.05 1.6 B RR0 13 17:37:34.21 -03:16:44.2 R0 0.5340 18.05 1.7 B RR0 14 17:37:39.63 -03:14:48.5 R0 0.4722 17.9 1.6 B RR0? 15 17:37:27.14 -03:12:17.7 R0 0.5578 17.95 1.8 B RR0 16 17:37:30.83 -03:15:21.3 R0 0.6005 17.75 1.5 B RR0 17 17:37:20.90 -03:12:42.8 R0 12.091 15.95 0.9 B CW 18 17:37:40.28 -03:15:07.7 R0 0.4790 17.8 1.3 B RR0 19 17:37:27.59 -03:14:43.3 R0 0.5460 17.95 1.55 B RR0 20 17:37:26.40 -03:13:07.1 R0 0.2635 18.0 0.6 B RR1 21 17:37:40.87 -03:12:40.3 R0 0.3188 17.75 0.7 B RR1 22 17:37:40.78 -03:13:11.0 R0 0.6564 18.0 1.25 B RR0 23 17:37:41.07 -03:10:04.7 R0 0.5523 17.85 1.45 B RR0 Note;=C149 24 17:37:35.97 -03:13:30.4 R0 0.5199 18.0 1.8 B RR0 25 17 37 34.56 -03 19 57.6 R0 0.3607 17.9 0.7 B RR1 Sam 26 17 37 30.59 -03 14 17.3 R0 ---- -- -- NV Sam 27 17 37 08.10 -03 12 17.3 R0 308.0 16.8 1.1 B Lb f?;Sam 28 17 37 05.03 -03 08 37.3 R0 ---- -- -- B E f;Sam 29 17:37:31.61 -03:17:15.9 R0 ---- 16.45 0.7 B SR 30 17:37:41.13 -03:14:57.7 R0 0.5345 17.8 1.55 B RR0 31 17:37:33.46 -03:14:13.7 R0 0.6196 17.45 0.95 B RR0 32 17:37:38.42 -03:12:18.7 R0 0.6559 17.6 1.15 B RR0 33 17:37:26.83 -03:14:31.1 R0 0.4805 17.75 1.2 B RR0 34 17:37:31.37 -03:14:18.6 R0 0.6066 18.0 1.15 B RR0 35 17:37:28.42 -03:15:34.8 R0 ---- -- -- NV? Note 36 17:37:50.03 -03:20:28.4 R0 0.6787 17.8 1.15 B RR0 37 17:37:36.50 -03:14:27.1 R0 0.4897 17.95 1.55 B RR0 38 17:37:36.81 -03:15:02.7 R0 0.5084 17.75 1.2 B RR0 39 17:37:39.15 -03:14:46.1 R0 0.5760 17.7 1.15 B RR0 40 17 37 53.03 -03 09 32.2 R0 ---- -- -- NV Sam 41 17:37:34.91 -03:14:47.1 R0 0.2594 -- -- RR1 42 17:37:38.42 -03:14:33.5 R0 0.6313 -- -- RR0 43 17:37:40.52 -03:14:23.4 R0 0.5222 17.7 1.2 B RR0 Note 44 17:37:37.35 -03:12:47.6 R0 0.2894 17.7 0.7 B RR1 45 17 37 30.18 -03 13 12.7 R0 ---- 16.6 1.2 B NV? Sam;Note 46 17:37:42.12 -03:15:50.7 R0 0.3330 17.8 0.45 B RR1 47 17:37:30.11 -03:14:18.1 R0 0.8774 17.8 0.5 B RR0 48 17:37:35.67 -03:14:04.7 R0 0.4677 17.95 1.35 B RR0 49 17:37:29.66 -03:15:03.8 R0 0.6423 17.5 0.7 B RR0 50 17 37 35.21 -03 15 23.8 R0 ---- -- -- NV Sam 51 17:37:43.12 -03:19:52.2 R0 0.2682 17.85 0.6 B RR1 52 17 37 41.70 -03 14 06.6 R0 ---- -- -- NV? Sam 53 17 37 45.09 -03 12 34.7 R0 ---- -- -- NV? Sam 54 17 37 44.36 -03 12 51.6 R0 ---- -- -- NV? Sam 55 17:37:38.28 -03:12:58.8 R0 0.3374 17.95 0.6 B RR1 56 17:37:31.63 -03:17:48.8 R0 0.3413 17.75 0.55 B RR1 57 17:37:45.06 -03:16:40.9 R0 0.5672 18.15 1.35 B RR0 58 17:37:27.91 -03:15:18.5 R0 0.4179 17.6 0.45 B RR1 59 17:37:33.97 -03:14:15.9 R0 0.5570 18.0 1.4 B RR0 60 17:37:38.87 -03:13:50.6 R0 0.5789 18.1 1.15 B RR0 61 17:37:37.00 -03:15:28.6 R0 0.5698 17.7 1.25 B RR0 62 17:37:20.68 -03:17:19.4 R0 0.6380 18.15 0.5 B RR0 63 17 37 44.53 -03 15 46.5 R0 ---- -- -- NV Sam 64 17 37 32.97 -03 17 34.5 R0 ---- -- -- NV Sam 65 17 37 27.93 -03 14 32.4 R0 ---- -- -- NV Sam 66 17 37 27.45 -03 14 08.9 R0 ---- -- -- NV Sam 67 17 37 38.51 -03 14 31.5 R0 ---- -- -- NV Sam 68 17 37 36.69 -03 15 05.8 R0 0.5072 18.0 1.7 RR0 =C134 69 17 37 45.58 -03 14 16.9 R0 ---- -- -- NV Sam 70 17:37:38.93 -03:15:08.1 R0 0.6060 17.3 0.8 B RR0 blended 71 17 37 28.42 -03 15 34.8 R0 0.5266 17.85 1.35 B RR0 Sam;=C35 72 17 37 44.50 -03 16 44.5 R0 ---- -- -- NV Sam 73 17:37:36.39 -03:14:38.1 R0 ---- 17.0 1.6 B SR 74 17:37:36.54 -03:13:14.5 R0 ---- 16.75 0.9 B SR 75 17:37:38.43 -03:14:55.7 R0 0.5453 18.0 1.3 B RR0 76 17:37:29.05 -03:14:44.1 R0 1.8903 16.6 1.0 B CW 77 17:37:28.81 -03:13:46.5 R0 0.7910 17.8 0.35 B RR1 78 17:37:26.97 -03:14:47.4 R0 0.3102 17.75 0.35 B RR1 79 17:37:35.35 -03:15:00.3 R0 0.5597 17.6 1.05 B RR0 80 17 37 33.76 -03 17 14.7 R0 0.3156 17.45 0.5 B RR1 =C112 81 17 37 33.75 -03 17 06.6 R0 ---- -- -- NV Sam 82 17 37 30.99 -03 16 48.1 R0 ---- -- -- NV Sam 83 17 37 31.84 -03 15 19.8 R0 ---- -- -- NV Sam 84 17 37 33.25 -03 15 23.4 R0 ---- -- -- NV Sam 85 17 37 34.91 -03 13 52.6 R0 ---- -- -- NV Sam 86 17 37 40.83 -03 14 21.6 R0 ---- -- -- NV? Sam;Note 87 17 37 31.23 -03 14 31.2 R0 ---- -- -- NV Sam 88 17:37:30.85 -03:14:32.4 R0 0.3130 17.85 0.4 B RR1 89 17 37 35.05 -03 15 18.4 R0 ---- -- -- NV Sam 90 17:37:33.51 -03:15:16.2 R0 0.3512 17.75 0.3 B RR1 91 17 37 30.06 -03 15 21.5 R0 ---- -- -- NV Sam 92 17 37 33.81 -03 14 41.2 R0 ---- -- -- NV Sam 93 17 37 35.10 -03 14 47.4 R0 ---- -- -- NV Sam 94 17:37:23.04 -03:14:50.5 R0 0.2585 -- -- RR1 95 17:37:24.17 -03:17:28.5 R0 0.3596 -- -- RR1 96 17:37:24.72 -03:14:46.3 R0 0.2524 -- -- RR1 97 17:37:25.02 -03:18:36.5 R0 0.3774 -- -- EC 98 17:37:25.81 -03:12:47.8 R0 0.2579 -- -- RR1 99 17:37:26.58 -03:14:46.1 R0 ---- -- -- CW? 100 17:37:29.72 -03:15:20.5 R0 0.2612 -- -- RR1 101 17:37:30.28 -03:15:52.7 R0 ---- -- -- SR? or CW? 102 17:37:31.38 -03:16:00.6 R0 ---- -- -- CW? 103 17:37:32.48 -03:14:12.5 R0 ---- -- -- SR? or CW? 104 17:37:32.69 -03:14:56.0 R0 0.2620 -- -- RR1 105 17:37:32.95 -03:14:03.3 R0 0.2793 -- -- RR1 106 17:37:33.28 -03:14:46.4 R0 0.5465 -- -- RR0 107 17:37:33.56 -03:14:48.2 R0 0.2950 -- -- RR1 108 17:37:33.62 -03:15:12.0 R0 0.3565 -- -- RR1 109 17:37:33.64 -03:14:40.9 R0 0.6562 -- -- RR0 110 17:37:33.64 -03:16:10.2 R0 0.3013 -- -- RR1 111 17:37:33.71 -03:15:11.9 R0 0.2791 -- -- RR1 112 =V80 113 17:37:33.91 -03:14:27.5 R0 0.2574 -- -- RR1 114 17:37:33.91 -03:14:52.5 R0 0.3325 -- -- RR1 115 17:37:33.95 -03:14:24.1 R0 0.3359 -- -- RR1 116 17:37:34.03 -03:15:37.7 R0 0.2521 -- -- RR1 117 17:37:34.10 -03:14:35.9 R0 0.3394 -- -- RR1 118 17:37:34.24 -03:16:13.0 R0 0.3803 -- -- RR1 119 17:37:34.45 -03:14:52.1 R0 0.3341 -- -- RR1 120 17:37:34.65 -03:13:29.6 R0 0.3279 -- -- RR1 121 17:37:35.04 -03:15:19.7 R0 0.2704 -- -- RR1 122 17:37:35.30 -03:14:39./ R0 0.5590 -- -- RR0 123 17:37:35.55 -03:15:44.1 R0 0.2846 -- -- RR1 124 17:37:35.75 -03:15:27.3 R0 0.2762 -- -- RR0 125 17:37:35.79 -03:15:15.1 R0 ---- -- -- SR? or CW? 126 17:37:35.83 -03:14:53.7 R0 0.2939 -- -- RR1 127 17:37:35.92 -03:14:32.8 R0 0.2983 -- -- RR1 128 17:37:35.95 -03:13:52.8 R0 0.3935 -- -- RR1 129 17:37:36.11 -03:15:01.4 R0 0.2796 -- -- RR1 130 17:37:36.26 -03:15:25.4 R0 0.5961 -- -- RR0 131 17:37:36.27 -03:14:54.3 R0 0.2697 -- -- RR1 132 17:37:36.53 -03:15:14.7 R0 0.4822 -- -- RR0 133 17:37:36.64 -03:18:15.9 R0 0.3030 -- -- RR1 134 =V68 135 17:37:36.82 -03:13:41.9 R0 0.3382 -- -- RR1 136 17:37:36.83 -03:15:24.5 R0 0.3305 -- -- RR1 137 17:37:37.48 -03:14:40.7 R0 0.2763 -- -- RR1 138 17:37:37.93 -03:15:33.0 R0 0.3710 -- -- RR1 139 17:37:37.99 -03:17:23.7 R0 0.2722 -- -- RR1 140 17:37:38.21 -03:15:51.9 R0 0.7609 -- -- RR0 141 17:37:38.31 -03:14:27.2 R0 0.6433 -- -- RR0 142 17:37:38.72 -03:14:02.1 R0 0.4618 -- -- RR0 143 17:37:38.82 -03:16:31.2 R0 0.3185 -- -- RR1 144 17:37:39.27 -03:14:29.7 R0 0.3758 -- -- RR1 145 17:37:39.97 -03:15:01.4 R0 0.3003 -- -- RR1 146 17:37:40.16 -03:16:08.6 R0 ---- -- -- SR? or CW? 147 17:37:40.22 -03:15:55.5 R0 0.4932 -- -- RR0 148 17:37:40.73 -03:17:00.3 R0 0.2651 -- -- RR1 149 17:37:41.31 -03:16:04.2 R0 ---- -- -- SR? Note;=C23 150 17:37:41.14 -03:14:08.8 R0 0.8028 -- -- RR0 151 17:37:41.19 -03:14:22.7 R0 0.3198 -- -- RR1 near V86 152 17:37:41.90 -03:15:37.1 R0 ---- -- -- SR? or CW? 153 17:37:41.98 -03:11:56.0 R0 0.2650 -- -- RR1 154 17:37:42.54 -03:13:59.4 R0 0.2551 -- -- RR1 155 17:37:42.93 -03:14:05.3 R0 ---- -- -- CW? 156 17:37:43.60 -03:14:24.6 R0 ---- -- -- SR? or CW? 157 17:37:43.79 -03:16:13.4 R0 0.2626 -- -- RR1 158 17:37:43.88 -03:13:00.7 R0 0.7242 -- -- RR0 159 17:37:43.99 -03:13:44.8 R0 0.2897 -- -- RR1 160 17:37:44.24 -03:15:34.8 R0 0.3400 -- -- RR1 161 17:37:44.52 -03:11:51.5 R0 0.0490 -- -- SXP 162 17:37:49.69 -03:11:49.2 R0 ---- -- -- CW? 163 17:37:53.71 -03:14:18.8 R0 0.2903 -- -- RR1 164 17:37:56.28 -03:10:16.3 R0 0.3326 -- -- RR1 Nova 17 37 38.3 -03 14 42 R0 ---- 16.0 -- B NOVA Bmax;Note ========================================================================= Supplementary Notes There are two major papers on the variables in M14: Wehlau & Froelich (1994) and Conroy et al. (2012). Wehlau & Froelich provided a good summary of variables V1-93. They listed mean B magnitudes, (B-V) colours and B amplitudes for all of the stars they classified as pulsating. Their paper also included an appendix with notes on many of the individual stars, including all of the catalogued variables that they were unable to classify. In addition, they published ID charts for all variables numbered from V1 to V93 (except V28 which was outside the field of their chart). Conroy et al. applied the image subtraction technique to a set of images obtained on 11 nights in June and July, 2010. They identified 71 new variables which they numbered V94-164. In addition, they listed RA and dec, derived periods and plotted light curves for all of the stars they found to be variable. All the data for V94-V164 are from their study. V1-V93: In the above table, the periods and variability types for stars with periods greater than a day are from Wehlau & Froelich and for stars with periods less than a day they are are from Conroy et al. unless indicated otherwise in the notes on individual stars. The numbers designated by "C" in the remarks column refer to the numbering system of Conroy et al. The B magnitudes and amplitudes are from Wehlau & Froelich's paper. The non-variable ("NV") classifications are based on Conroy's investigation, but in most cases, Wehlau & Froelich (1994) had already indicated the stars might not be variable. The RA and dec for the stars investigated by Conroy are their values. For the remaining stars, the RA and dec are from Samus et al. (2009) and these are denoted "Sam" in the remarks column. There is a systematic offset between the RA values of Samus and Conroy in the sense that Samus' values are 0.2 seconds larger. Their dec values agree to within 1 arcsec. ====================== Notes on individual stars V1, V51: The ID charts published by Wehlau & Froelich (1994) have 2 stars labelled as V1. The star at position x=+104", y=-305" in Fig. 1a should be V51. V1 is located at x=+17", y=+47" in Fig. 1b. V23, V149: The star that Wehlau & Froelich labelled as V23 is listed as V149 in Conroy's table and both sets of authors derived the same period for this star. In the above table, Wehlau's numbering system is used for V23 and V149 is the star that Conroy listed as V23. V25: Conroy et al. did not detect variations in this star. It is hard to account for this, but perhaps it was at the edge of their frames. The light curve published by Sawyer Hogg & Wehlau (1966) indicates that V25 must certainly be variable. V27, V45: Conroy et al. did not confirm the variability of these two long period (red) variables. V27 was outside their field of view. However, it is considered a possible cluster member because the magnitude and colour that Wehlau & Froelich (1994) published for it are comparable to those of the other long period variables in the cluster, and with a distance of ~7.5 arcmin from the cluster centre, it is inside the tidal radius (7.7 arcmin). V45 was in the field observed by Conroy, but they did not detect its variation. In view of the fact that all the other known long period variables were readily recovered in their study, the variability of V45 is called into question. V28: Sawyer Hogg (1973) listed V28 as an eclipsing binary, probably located in the field around the cluster. This was confirmed by Wehlau & Froelich (1994) who noted that it is a 16th magnitude field eclpsing binary which is almost 10 arcminutes from the cluster centre, well outside the tidal radius. V35 and V71: These two stars are separated by about 4 arcsec. Wehlau & Froelich derived a period (0.5259) for V71, but could not derive a period for V35. On the other hand Conroy derived a period (0.5266) for V35 and did not detect variability in V71. An examination of the RA and dec values that Samus listed for these stars indicates that the star Conroy listed as V35 is V71. V43, V86, V151: V43 and V86 are separated by about 2 arcsec and both are labelled on the photographic chart published by Wehlau & Froelich (1994). V43 is well established as an RR0 variable by Wehlau & Froelich and by Conroy et al. (2012). However, there is some confusion about V86 because its variability was not detected by Conroy et al. However, they discovered a new variable, V151, that lies approximately 8 arcsec east of V86 and the period they derived for V151, P=0.3198 differs by only 0.02 days from 0.2991, the period that Wehlau & Froelich derived for V86. Assuming that Conroy gave the correct position for the variable, V86 is now listed as a possible non-variable. Nova: The maximum B magnitude for the Nova is from Sawyer Hogg & Wehlau (1964). ============================================= Discovery of the Variable Stars in M14: V1-72 Sawyer (1938) with x,y positions and an ID chart (but V27&28 were outside the field of the chart). V73-76 Sawyer Hogg & Wehlau (1966) with x,y positions and an ID chart V77-88 Wehlau & Potts (1972) with x,y positions V89-93 Wehlau et al. (1974) with x,y positions Nova Sawyer Hogg & Wehlau (1964) with x,y position and ID chart =================================================================== References Conroy, K. E., Darragh, A. N., Liu, Z. J., Murphy, B. W. 2012, JSARA, 5, 34 Samus, N. N., Kazarovets, E. V., Pastukhova, E. N., Tsvetkova, T. M., Durlevich, O. V. 2009, PASP, 121, 1378 Sawyer, H. B. 1938, Pub. DAO, 7, No. 5, 121 Sawyer Hogg, H. & Wehlau, A. 1966, DDO Publ., 2, No. 17, 451 Sawyer Hogg, H. & Wehlau, A. 1964, JRASC, 58, 163 Wehlau, A. & Froelich, N. 1994, AJ 108, 134 Wehlau, A. & Potts, N. 1972, IBVS, 752 Wehlau, A., Davis, L., Potts, N. 1974, IBVS, 859 =====================================================================